{"id":6005,"date":"2025-05-10T18:47:06","date_gmt":"2025-05-10T18:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/?p=6005"},"modified":"2025-05-10T18:47:12","modified_gmt":"2025-05-10T18:47:12","slug":"bir-cocuk-etrafindaki-dunyayi-nasil-ogrenir-gelisim-asamalari-ve-yetiskinlerin-rolu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/2025\/05\/10\/bir-cocuk-etrafindaki-dunyayi-nasil-ogrenir-gelisim-asamalari-ve-yetiskinlerin-rolu\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir \u00e7ocuk etraf\u0131ndaki d\u00fcnyay\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frenir: geli\u015fim a\u015famalar\u0131 ve yeti\u015fkinlerin rol\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Giri\u015f&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u00e7ocuk do\u011fdu\u011fu andan itibaren etraf\u0131ndaki d\u00fcnyay\u0131 aktif bir \u015fekilde ke\u015ffetmeye ba\u015flar. Bu \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcreci, t\u00fcm duyular\u0131, duygular\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyi i\u00e7eren karma\u015f\u0131k ve b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bir yolculuktur. Bu makalede \u015funlar\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; 0 ila 7 ya\u015f aras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmenin ana a\u015famalar\u0131&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ebeveynlerin rol\u00fc&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; \u00c7ocu\u011fun do\u011fal geli\u015fimini desteklemek i\u00e7in pratik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. D\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme a\u015famalar\u0131&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 0-1 ya\u015f: &#8220;Hissediyorum, \u00f6yleyse var\u0131m&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu a\u015famada bebek d\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u015fu yolla \u00f6\u011frenir:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Dokunma &#8211; oyuncaklar\u0131 yakalama, farkl\u0131 y\u00fczeylere dokunma&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Tat ve koku &#8211; her \u015feyi a\u011fz\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrme&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 \u0130\u015fitme &#8211; ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 seslere \u00e7evirme, annenin sesini tan\u0131ma&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 G\u00f6rme &#8211; hareket eden nesneleri izleme<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rnek olarak: Bir bebek i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131ng\u0131rak sadece bir oyuncak de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn bir ke\u015fiftir (ses + \u015fekil + renk).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 1-3 ya\u015f: &#8220;Ben kendimim!&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7ocuk ba\u015flar:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Y\u00fcr\u00fcmek ve b\u00f6lgeyi geni\u015fletmek &#8211; her k\u00f6\u015feye t\u0131rman\u0131r&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 \u0130lk kelimeleri konu\u015fmak &#8211; nesneleri adland\u0131r\u0131r (&#8220;top&#8221;, &#8220;k\u00f6pek&#8221;)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Yeti\u015fkinleri taklit etmek &#8211; oyuncak bir mutfakta &#8220;yemek pi\u015firir&#8221;, telefonda &#8220;konu\u015fur&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tehlike: Bu ya\u015fta \u00e7ocuklar genellikle e\u015fyalar\u0131 par\u00e7alara ay\u0131r\u0131r (&#8220;i\u00e7inde ne var?&#8221;), bu nedenle k\u0131r\u0131lgan nesneleri \u00e7\u0131karmak daha iyidir.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 3-5 ya\u015f: &#8220;\u00c7imenler neden ye\u015fil?&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Neden-ni\u00e7in&#8221; d\u00f6nemi:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Aktif olarak sorular sorar &#8211; &#8220;G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc neden mavi?&#8221;, &#8220;G\u00fcne\u015f nereye gidiyor?&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hayal kurar &#8211; var olmayan arkada\u015flar, hikayeler uydurur&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Rol yapma oyunlar\u0131 oynar &#8211; doktor, \u00f6\u011fretmen, s\u00fcper kahraman olur&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130pucu: Bir sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyorsan\u0131z, \u00e7ocu\u011fa birlikte bir kitapta veya deneyde aramas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 5-7 Ya\u015f: &#8220;Nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor?&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Okul \u00f6ncesi:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Analiz eder &#8211; kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, s\u0131ralar (renk, boyut)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Mekanizmalarla ilgilenir &#8211; di\u015flileri anlamak i\u00e7in saatleri par\u00e7alar&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2714 Okumay\u0131 ve saymay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenir &#8211; semboller arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6\u011frenir (harfler, say\u0131lar)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fikir: \u00c7ocu\u011funuza &#8220;yeti\u015fkin&#8221; g\u00f6revleri verin &#8211; \u00f6rne\u011fin, bir bitki dikmesine ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini izlemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olun.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u00c7ocuklar d\u00fcnyay\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frenir? 5 ana yol&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Hareket yoluyla Hareket yoluyla&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; Emeklemek, t\u0131rmanmak, z\u0131plamak uzay\u0131 anlamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Oyun yoluyla&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; K\u00fcpler mant\u0131\u011f\u0131, kuklalar duygusal zekay\u0131 geli\u015ftirir.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Deneyler yoluyla&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; &#8220;Renkleri kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rsan\u0131z ne olur?&#8221; &#8211; Bu t\u00fcr deneyler neden-sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerini \u00f6\u011fretir.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. \u0130leti\u015fim yoluyla&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; Ebeveynlerle konu\u015fmak kelime da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletir.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. Yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yoluyla&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; \u00c7izim, modelleme, m\u00fczik izlenimleri ifade etmenin yollar\u0131d\u0131r.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6nemli: Bili\u015f her zaman basitten karma\u015f\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru ilerler:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6nce &#8220;Bu bir top &#8211; yuvarlak&#8221;, sonra &#8220;Top yuvarlan\u0131yor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yuvarlak&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Ebeveynlerin rol\u00fc: Nas\u0131l yard\u0131m etmeli ve zarar vermemeli?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2705 Ne yapmal\u0131?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Sorular\u0131 cevaplay\u0131n &#8211; g\u00fcnde 100 tane olsa bile.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; G\u00fcvenli bir ortam yarat\u0131n &#8211; \u00e7ocu\u011fun dokunmas\u0131na, koklamas\u0131na, tatmas\u0131na izin verin (makul \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde).&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Birlikte oynay\u0131n &#8211; yast\u0131klardan bir kale in\u015fa edin, bir kasede gemiler yap\u0131n.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nelerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Uzak dur!&#8221;, &#8220;Dokunma!&#8221; &#8211; Bu yasaklar bili\u015fsel ilgiyi engeller.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Di\u011fer \u00e7ocuklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar &#8211; herkes kendi h\u0131z\u0131nda geli\u015fir.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 aktivite y\u00fcklemesi &#8211; \u00e7ocu\u011fun serbest oyun i\u00e7in zaman\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rnek: &#8220;Su birikintisinden uzak dur!&#8221; yerine, &#8220;Hadi bulutlar\u0131n yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6relim, ama sonra kuru \u00e7oraplar giyece\u011fiz.&#8221; deyin.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. Bili\u015fsel becerileri geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in 5 oyun&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. &#8220;Dokunarak tahmin et&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8212; Bir torbaya farkl\u0131 nesneler (bir kozalak, bir bozuk para, bir d\u00fc\u011fme) koyun ve onlardan bunlar\u0131 tahmin etmelerini isteyin.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. &#8220;Ev Bah\u00e7esi&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; Bir barda\u011fa fasulye ekin ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmelerini izleyin.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. &#8220;Ses nerede sakl\u0131?&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; T\u0131k\u0131rdayan bir saat saklay\u0131n ve onlar\u0131 sesten saati bulmaya davet edin.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. &#8220;Sihirli Tebe\u015fir&#8221;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&#8211; Islak tebe\u015firle kald\u0131r\u0131ma \u00e7izim yap\u0131n ve \u00e7izimlerin kaybolmas\u0131n\u0131 izleyin.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. &#8220;Whytee&#8217;nin G\u00fcn\u00fc&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8211; \u00c7ocu\u011funuzun soru sormas\u0131na izin verin ve ak\u015fam birlikte ansiklopediden cevaplar\u0131 aray\u0131n.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sonu\u00e7&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek bir ders de\u011fil, bir macerad\u0131r. Yeti\u015fkinlerin g\u00f6revi \u00f6\u011fretmek de\u011fil, do\u011fal geli\u015fim i\u00e7in gerekli ko\u015fullar\u0131 yaratmakt\u0131r:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ke\u015ffetme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verin&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Sorular\u0131 ilgiyle yan\u0131tlay\u0131n&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Merak\u0131 te\u015fvik edin&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Genel kural: Bug\u00fcn \u00e7alar saati par\u00e7alar\u0131na ay\u0131ran bir \u00e7ocuk yar\u0131n yeni bir motor icat edebilir. B\u0131rak\u0131n bir ka\u015fif olsun!&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giri\u015f&nbsp; Bir \u00e7ocuk do\u011fdu\u011fu andan itibaren etraf\u0131ndaki d\u00fcnyay\u0131 aktif bir \u015fekilde ke\u015ffetmeye ba\u015flar. Bu \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcreci, t\u00fcm duyular\u0131, duygular\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyi i\u00e7eren karma\u015f\u0131k ve b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bir yolculuktur. Bu makalede \u015funlar\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz:&nbsp; &#8211; 0 ila 7 ya\u015f aras\u0131nda d\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmenin ana a\u015famalar\u0131&nbsp; &#8211; Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ebeveynlerin rol\u00fc&nbsp; &#8211; \u00c7ocu\u011fun do\u011fal geli\u015fimini desteklemek i\u00e7in pratik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131&nbsp; 1. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[330],"tags":[471,465,467,470,472,466,469,468],"class_list":["post-6005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dunyayi-anlamak-tr","tag-bebek-dunyayi-su-yolla-ogrenir","tag-bilissel-becerileri-gelistirmek-icin-5-oyun","tag-bugun-calar-saati-parcalarina-ayiran-bir-cocuk-yarin-yeni-bir-motor-icat-edebilir","tag-cevresindeki-dunyayi-aktif-olarak-kesfetmeye-baslar","tag-cimenler-neden-yesil","tag-dunyayi-kavrama-asamalari","tag-kendim-yapabilirim","tag-nasil-calisiyor"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6005"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6005\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6006,"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6005\/revisions\/6006"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nickyacademy.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}